The Neuron Cell
The neuron cell is a cell that is located throughout our body. It is basically a receptor that can sense any pain internally or externally. The neuron cells sense any movement or contact made to the skin. For an example if I'm the goalkeeper for my team and the ball hits me on the chest you should feel a very slight pain. Those are your receptors in your nerve cell giving pain signals to the brain. It uses electrical and chemical substances to sense, feel, smell, hear and etc. |
Ribosome OrganelleFig 1. Organelles
Mitochrondion OrganelleFig 2. Organelles
Nucleus OrganelleFig 3. Organelles
Neuronal Membrane (Cell Membrane)Fig 4. Organelles
CytoplasmFig 5. Organelles
DendritesFig 1. Structure
AxonFig 2. Structure
InterneuronFig 3. Structure
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This diagram shows the complete module of the neuron cell. It is alike an animal cell but does look and contain more complex cells. Each different cell has a contributing role in the neuron cell. For an example, the Myelin Sheath (Schwann cell) cell is a fatty cell that tries increase the electrical pulses velocity through the nerve cell tubes.
All the organelles have specific jobs to do. I will run through each one of the main organelles and provide you with information. Ribosomes - Ribosomes are technically the protein builders of the cell, they are the construction guys that connect one amino acid at a time to build massive chains. Ribosomes are a special type of cell because they are found in both prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Mitochondrion - The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of the cell. The energy that they make is an energy-rich molecule called the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP is produced inside the mitochondrion using the energy of food. Nucleus - The nucleus contains RNA and DNA (genes). It is technically the brain of the cell. It has all the basic information to manufacturing all the cells. It synthesizes RNA into DNA and ships it through its pores to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Neuronal Membrane - It acts as a barrier to enclose the cytoplasm inside the Neuron cell. If there was no cell membrane the jelly-like substance cytoplasm would slide out of the cell. It also doesn't and does let certain cells in. Filtering what comes in for the cell and what comes out. It also does conduct impulses. Cytoplasm - A jelly-like substance inside the cell that keeps everything together, mainly the base of the cell. It is watery and salty fluid that is potassium-rich solution inside the cytoplasm. It contains enzymes that are highly responsible for metabolism of the cell. Dendrites - Dendrites branch out looking tree-like. They serve the main role for giving and receiving electrical impulses from one cell to another. Their surface is irregular and contains lots of Dendritic spines. Axon - The very long tube that conducts the electrical currents coming through it. It is maybe as short as 0.1mm and as long as 2 mm. Axons split into several branches conveying lots of electrical currents from other cells also. Interneuron - The interneurons make neural circuits, it makes it possible to communicate between motor neurons and the central nervous system. They function in reflexes, neuronal oscillations and neurogenesis in an animal's brain. Motor Neuron - The function of the motor neuron is for it to carry electrical signals to the muscles. It's mainly located near the spinal cord, the motor neuron triggers the muscles to either contract or relax. There are a lots more organelles and structures inside the neuron cell. But I would have to go into specific detail because those have a more specific role in the cell. |
The nerve cell has adapted to its function because of many reasons. Most of its organelles or specific structures make it capable enough for the cell to handle its job. It has a long Axon which conducts electrical and chemical pulses to go through its tube, which it can deliver a potential action for a very long way. Synapses at the end of nerve cells make the electrical pulses to only be able to travel in one specific way. There are many more reasons why the nerve cell is structured its way for doing its job. And these are just a few reasons why.
A day in a life of a nerve cell
The soft blanket felt amazing to Mr. Nervy he didn't want Lisa to get out of her bed. Suddenly Mr. Nervy sent a signal up to the brain. Lisa had moved her hand, it was touching the sheet now. Now she had got out of bed and Mr. Nervy felt cool because of the air that was hitting him. Then Mr. Nervy felt some heat come over him.
Then more heat came over him with a sweatshirt. Lisa ran down the stairs. Mr. Nervy signaled that the hardwood railing was hard and cold. As Lisa was putting on her socks, Mr. Nervy felt signs of soft cotton.Then Lisa put on soft silky sheep skinned gloves and Mr. Nervy felt warm fur on her fingers, but only for a second. Morning When Lisa was walking to the bus stop the wind was blowing on her fingers. Mr. Nervy felt it too. As the bus stopped Lisa got on and Mr. Nervy felt the difference of the temperature from the cold outside to the heated inside. Lisa was touching everything so Mr. Nervy felt what she was feeling also.
This is because Mr. Nervy is a sensory neuron, so he means he sends messages from both inside and outside the body to Lisa's central nervous system. Mr. Nervy had friends too. One, who's the name was Paul Motor, was a motor neuron, he sent instructions to Lisa's central nervous system to tell what muscles and different glands should do. And an interneuron named Cindy Nerve linked Mr. Nervy and Paul Motor together.
Morning continued... At lunch time, Lisa gets her lunch from school every day. Mr. Nervy send lots of signals to Lisa's brain to say that that thing is hot and that's cold, Paul Motor also told what she will pick up. Lisa grabs to get a banana and Mr. Nervy feels its' hard peel and when Lisa adjusts her hand he feels a mushy part. After lunch, Lisa goes to her locker and Mr. Nervy says, um, that metal is cool. Then Lisa jumps back and says "Oh, that is very cold."
Then Lisa asks someone to do it for her because she is a chicken to touch that cold metal. Then she went to the rest of her classes. Mr. Nervy was telling her what was hot, cold, fuzzy and hard. The Afternoon When Lisa got home from school Mr. Nervy was there to say this room is very warm compared to outside. Then Lisa took off her gloves, Mr. Nervy was pretty mad because all day he felt the warm fur on Lisa's skin because her fingers like to feel the softness of the fur when she was bored in class. When Lisa was going to bed, later that evening, Mr. Nervy felt the soft blankets once again. He was very happy because he knew that as long as Lisa was living he, Paul Motor and Cindy Nerve would most likely be alive too. He wanted this moment to last forever.
Microscope Development Task
What impact has this development had on humans' understanding of cells?
1665 On-wards / Microscopes are now powerful enough to see cells.
This has made an impact because we are now able to see what is inside the human body and how each organelle or cell operates. This gave humanity a very big step to discovering what the microscopic world offers us. We also are able to find how each cell functions.
1676 On-wards / First organelles seen using a microscope.
I think that this is important because we are starting to discover how cells work and what are inside of them. We are exploring that particular cell which gives us information on what it does to help the human body. This also means that we are also able to look microscopically at cells and see what cells really are!
1931 / First electron microscope is developed and produced.
The electron microscope is a microscope with high magnification and resolution. Making the quality of the microscopic very high. It employs electron beams in a certain place of light using electron lenses.
How has the development of the understanding of cells over the centuries affected medicine and health?
Again, it has helped because we are able to have a closer look at specific types of cells. This includes viruses, bacteria and other nasty infectious cells such as cancer. This means that we are able to work out the structure so we can make cures for certain types of diseases such as Ebola, HIV, AIDS and etc.
This has made an impact because we are now able to see what is inside the human body and how each organelle or cell operates. This gave humanity a very big step to discovering what the microscopic world offers us. We also are able to find how each cell functions.
1676 On-wards / First organelles seen using a microscope.
I think that this is important because we are starting to discover how cells work and what are inside of them. We are exploring that particular cell which gives us information on what it does to help the human body. This also means that we are also able to look microscopically at cells and see what cells really are!
1931 / First electron microscope is developed and produced.
The electron microscope is a microscope with high magnification and resolution. Making the quality of the microscopic very high. It employs electron beams in a certain place of light using electron lenses.
How has the development of the understanding of cells over the centuries affected medicine and health?
Again, it has helped because we are able to have a closer look at specific types of cells. This includes viruses, bacteria and other nasty infectious cells such as cancer. This means that we are able to work out the structure so we can make cures for certain types of diseases such as Ebola, HIV, AIDS and etc.
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